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🔷 📘 RAILWAY CONVENTION COMMITTEE (RCC)
✅ 🔹 Definition (English)
“Railway Convention Committee is a parliamentary committee constituted to review and determine the financial relationship between Railways and General Government finances, including dividend payment and financial arrangements.”
✅ 🔹 Definition (Hindi)
“रेलवे कन्वेंशन कमेटी (RCC) एक संसदीय समिति है जो रेलवे और सामान्य सरकारी वित्त के बीच वित्तीय संबंधों (जैसे लाभांश, फंड व्यवस्था आदि) की समीक्षा और निर्धारण करती है।”
🔷 🔹 1. Background (इतिहास)
👉 इसकी शुरुआत हुई:
✔ Acworth Committee (1920-21) की सिफारिशों से
🔹 Acworth Committee का मुख्य उद्देश्य:
✔ Railway finances को General finances से अलग करना
✔ Railway को financially independent बनाना
🔷 🔹 2. Separation Convention (1924)
📅 Adopted on: 20 September 1924
👉 इसी के आधार पर:
✔ Railway Budget अलग हुआ
✔ Financial system independent बना
🔷 🔹 3. Objectives of Separation Convention
✅ (a) Central Budget को stable बनाना
👉 Railway fluctuations हटाना
✅ (b) Railway को independent बनाना
👉 खुद कमाए → खुद खर्च करे
✅ (c) Return देना Government को
👉 Government ने जो पैसा लगाया
✔ उस पर return (Dividend) देना
🔷 🔹 4. Salient Features (बहुत important 🔥)
✅ (1) Railway remains part of Government
✔ Capital & Revenue दोनों में
✅ (2) Separate Capital Programme
✔ Railway के लिए अलग investment planning
✅ (3) Net Profit अलग रहेगा
👉 General revenue से अलग
🚆 Example:
Railway profit ₹100 करोड़
✔ इसका उपयोग:
- Facilities improve
- Fare reduce
✅ (4) Depreciation Reserve Fund (DRF)
✔ Replacement / renewal के लिए fund
🔷 🔹 5. Main Features of Convention (बहुत important 🔥)
✅ (1) Dividend to Government
👉 Railway pays dividend
✔ Loan capital पर
🚆 Example:
Govt ने ₹1000 करोड़ invest किया
👉 Railway dividend देगा
✅ (2) Strategic Lines Loss
👉 Military / strategic lines
✔ Loss + interest → Government bear करेगा
✅ (3) Revenue Reserve Fund (अब abolished)
✔ Surplus transfer होता था
📅 Abolished: 1992-93
👉 अब → Development Fund
✅ (4) Purpose of Reserve Fund
✔ Dividend payment
✔ Depreciation cover
✔ Financial strength
✅ (5) Temporary Borrowing
👉 Railway borrow कर सकता है
✔ General revenues से
✅ (6) Railway Standing Committee
✔ Estimates check करती थी
✅ (7) Depreciation Reserve Fund (DRF)
✔ Replacement & renewal
✅ (8) Demands for Grants
✔ Parliament approve करता है
🔷 🔹 6. Railway Budget System
👉 पहले:
✔ Railway Budget अलग होता था
✔ General Budget से पहले पेश होता था
👉 अब (modern system में):
✔ Merge हो चुका है (2017 से)
🔷 🔹 7. Railway Practical Example 🚆
👉 Railway ने:
✔ ₹500 करोड़ profit कमाया
👉 Allocation:
✔ Dividend → Govt
✔ Balance → Development / Facilities
🔷 🔹 8. Flowchart (बहुत important 🔥)
Government invests in Railways
↓
Railway earns revenue
↓
Expenses deducted
↓
Net profit calculated
↓
Dividend paid to Government
↓
Remaining surplus used for development
🔷 🔹 9. Importance (बहुत important 🔥)
✔ Financial discipline
✔ Railway independence
✔ Better planning
✔ Public service improvement
🔷 🔹 10. Important Points (Exam के लिए 🔥)
✔ Based on Acworth Committee
✔ 1924 में लागू
✔ Railway Budget अलग हुआ
✔ Dividend system introduced
✔ DRF create हुआ
✔ RCC हर 5 साल review करता है
🔷 🔹 11. Short Trick 💡
👉 “Railway कमाए – Govt को दे – बाकी खुद खर्च करे”
🔷 🔹 12. Quick Summary
✔ Railway finances अलग हुए
✔ RCC financial relation तय करता है
✔ Dividend system
✔ Funds creation
✔ Development focus
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